Improvement in engraving-machines



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.TOEN D-.LATERm or NEW YORK, N. Y., AssIeNon, BY MEsNE AssIcN. MENTS, To LIPPIATT, MALTEY'e MORSE, oEsAME PLACE.

"Letters Patent No. 104,744, dated .Tunev 28, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN EGRAVING-MACHINES.

The Schedule referred' to in these Letters Patent and making part of the samp T o all whom it Amay concern;

, 'Be it` known `that I, J. D. LATHROP, of the city, county, and State .of New York, have made certain new and useful Improvements'in Machines for En graving and Chasing; and -I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings and letters of reference marked thereon making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the machine, with myimprovements.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the same.

Figure, 3 is a vertical cross-section of the same, ghe plan of section being indicated by the line x :c in

gFigure 4'is awertica'l longitudinal section of the same, the plan of section being` indicated by the line yyin'figS. 4-

Figure 5 is a detached side view of the tool-stock, ona somewhat larger scale. t

Figure (iis a. horizontal section of the same.

Figure 7 is a detached vertical central section of the pattern-plie mechanism of the same.

Figure 8 is a. top view of thesame.

Figure 9 is a side view of the rosette-die and its transferring mechanisiinshown in connection.

Figure 10 is adetached vertical section of the transferring pin-feed and other mechanism, showing its connection withthe pattern-die,

Figure 11 is a top view of -the same, partly shown removed.

Figure12 is a side .view of thelfeed lever, pawl, and gearing'of the transferring-pim i l. Figure 1.13,' a face viewl of the pattern-die. `Figure 14 isa central vertical section of the same,

Figures 15, 16, and 17 are modifications of the transferring mechanism of the tool-slide.` v

. Figures 18, 19, 20, and 21 are face ,views of engraved articles,'for exhibiting various patterns of engraving made bythesame die, under diierent manipulations of the machine.` l i l Similar letters of referenceindicatc corresponding parts in the several figures.

The nature-of this invention consists in arranging the machine sothat the engraving-tool performs the cutting downward or on the under side of the tool, in stead of on the Vtop edge of -the same, whereby the operator can better observe the work, and can see its work-as ready as produced,I and without inconvenience to light andobstruction ofthe parts of the machine, while, at the same time, by these means, the chips made bythe tool are not obstructing the sight of the operator, neither obstruct the proper operation ot' the tool by sticking or collecting on the cutting-edge of said tool.,

Also, it consists in the employment of a certain reciprocating apron lever, arranged to transmit the transferring motion, through the slide-rest of the machine,whereby the said motion is transferred entirely.

independent and isolated from the motion of the slide- Y rest, and is, therefore, not affected and varied by the irregular orA other motions caused by the work upon the slide-rest, which effect causes often considerable interruption audit-regular work in operating Vthe machines heretofore used.

It consists also in the combination and arrangement of the tool-'stock vertically suspended between centers, with the sliding bolt which transfers the motion from the die to the tool, the said sliding bolt passing through one of the said centers, whereby the op'- erato'r is enabled to set the tool-stock to the desired' angle with the work, without interfering or altering v the mot-ion of the tool givenfrom the die.

Also, it consists in connect-ing the transferring-gear with the tool-slide in such va manner that the motion of the tool-slide may be readily changed `and reversed, and, consequently, the operation of the 'die upon the work, which, iu` the one case engraved, is left blank in the other case, and cioe versa,

Also, it consists =in the employment of a revolving transferring-piu, provided with a radial horizontal v feed-motion, whereby a stationary patterndie can be used for operating the tracing-pin, which is less sub- `ject to irregular position, or to change of position by wear of the working-parts of the machine, and can be placed -iu its place with facility and precision.

Also, in providing a variable and a reversible feedmotion of the tracing-pin, in combination with a stationary pattern-die,wl1ereby the image upon the work y may be varied upon the same work, and a portion of the whole pattern of the die proper transferred, while, at any time of the opratiolnthe said,` feed may be changed to reverse, and a different compound of the said image upon the work produced.

Also, it consists in the arrangement of a rosette-die, revolving around a stationary pattern-die, and the combination of a rosette-tracingroller, connected with thetransferlingdever of the tracing-pin ofthe said Also, it consists in constructing and arranging the i pattern-die and the transferring-pin mechanism of the machine, in a' manner that the transferring-pin mechanism can be displaced with readiness, and die removed almost instantly and other substituted, without regard to extra labor and delicate adjustment in placing and restoring the said part properly.

And it consists, finally, in the arrangrncnt and combination of the parts shown, as a whole,whereby a machine for engraving is obtained which can be manipulated with great facility and precision, and on which work can be done of different designs and various patterns, without requiring a great number of pattern-dies.

To enable others skilled in the artto make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its details and operation.

In the drawings- A represents the bed-plate of -the machine. lt is provided and made in the ordinary way.

It `supports the ordinary spindle-head B, which is fixed permanently upon it, and supports the ordinary bed C ofthe slide-rest, which is attached in the usual manner, so that the ways of thc slide-rest may bc changed from the right-angular to parallel position to the spindle 1) of the spindle-heini.

The slide-rest consists of a bottom plate, E, fitted upon the ways of the bed C, of a strong vert-ical post, F, lest-ing upon the plate E of the dovetal-grooved plate G, and ofthe slide H, fitted to slide easy in the groove of the plate- G.

The post F and vplattl G are permanently attached orvcast in one picco, whereas the plate E and the said postare secured in a manner that they maybe detached, or that the position of the post with the plate G may. be turned on it and changed relative to the position ofthe plate E, and, for this purpose, the post is provided with a flange, having slotted bolt-holes I I through which the screws or bolts for securing them,

pass.

In order to provide for the feed-motion for thesliderest, the usual screw J is arranged between the bed C and bottom plate E of the slide-rest, which screw is fitted in a nut attached to the plate E, and its outer end fitted ill a proper bearing, K, secured to the bed C, and having upon its final enda ratchet-wheel, engaged by a pawl, L, shown in figs. 1 and y2, while the motion to this part is transmitted from a crank, M, upon the end of a horizontal shaft, N, located in bearings attached to the rear endl of the bed O, and the shaft N receives motion from the ordinary gearing of the driving-pulleys O.

This shaft N, however, may be driven in any convenient manner, and the driving-pulley may be upon the spindle D, and the spindle geared in any convenfent manner with the shaft N.

In order to vary the speed of the screw J, or the yspeed of the feed, I providevthe crank M, with a movable crank-piu, l?, which is fitted in a dovetail slot in the crank, and maybe secured at the desireddistance from the center of said crank.

In the fore part of the slide H, I arrange the toolstock Q, for which purpose I construct this slide with a .vertical extension, H, forming part of the same, and I form this part of it with a central portion removed, suiiicicntly for the tool-stock to pass through while heilig therein vertically suspended between two centers or bearings It and S, of which the lower is made solid, and is secured by means of being fitted in the lower part of the slide with a screw-tread, while the upper center S ofthe same is made with a centra-l vertical opening through it, and is fitted tightly in the upper part of the slide.

In order to providefor turning and adjusting the relative position of this stock to the face of the work, I employ on its top end a worm-wheel, T, fixed permanently to it, and have aworm or haml-screw, U, to

engage therein, which is, near its handle, held in a bearing, V, on the side of the slide, and being held by 'a spring bearing, lV, near its screw or worm, as clearly shown in figs. 1 and 2, so that, by means ot' turning the screw with its handle, the stock is slowly turned and adjusted to the work; when desired to be quickly changed in position the spring bearing V allows the screw to be disengaged and the stock turned quickly. I

X represents the cutting-tool, and i -Y, thc tool-guide, which serves the purpose of preventing the tool from cutting deeper than desired into the work.

Both are secured to the tool-slide Z, which is provided in the usual way with a proper horizontal opening for the tool to be placed in, and with proper setscrews, to secure the tool to its slide. v

In order to provide for the tool-slide being set more projecting forward ot' the axis ofthe tool-stock, as in the case when used for facenvork, I employ a secondary slide, a, fitted in a groove made in the stock for this purpose, and have a slot, l, in the stock, through which a set-screw, c, passes into the secondary slide a, for the purpose to secure the said secondary slide, after being set properly, all clearly shown in figs. 1 and 2.

This secondary slide has the properdovetail groove, in which the tool-slide works with ease, so that it can be moved by means of a spiral spring, d, attached with the one end to the tool-slide, while with the other is attached to the secondary slide, shown more cleaily in fig. 5. i

Now, instead of the use of a pattern-die which revolves and has the image on its periphery, I employ a stationary pattern-die, n, having the image on its face, as shown in figs. 13 and 14, and I locatethe same upon the rear part of the bottom plate E, on a vertical mandrel, E', XedpeI-xnanently thereupon; and, instead of making the said die of steel and Jengraving the pattern thereon, I produce it by means of pressing, molding, or engraving it in wax, wood, papier mache', or other easy-worked material, and taking a casting or impressionl in plaster of Paris, or other inaterial therefrom, which I use then as a pal tern to obtain a casting in iron of the same, and fi'om the easting in iron I procure a casting of chilled iron, or the die proper, which I use in the machine.

The said die h as the proper central opening, rcquisite to be received by the mandrel E', and the inandrel has a proper shoulder on it, to guide and rest the die in proper position.

The opening of the die may be made, as shown, with a screw-thread and a mandrel correspondingly provided, or the die iliade with smooth opening, fitting properly over the mandrel, and the mandrel provided with a screwnut, to secure the die upon the shoulder of the mandrel, whichever may be found preferable, in ordery to place and secure the die upon the mandrel with convenience and precision.

e represents the rosette-die, which I construct of ring form, and of somewhat larger diameter than the pattern-die, so as to surround the said pattern-die; its working-face is nearly level with that ofthe patterndie, and is made with the proper projections and depressions, for producing the desired motion' upon the tracing-pin of the pattern-die, to disengage it sufficient-ly from itin producing the frosted motion upon the work; and this rosette-die either forms part or is permanently secured upon the top of a cone-pulley, f, which is fitted upon the part ot' the mandrel E', below that upon which the pattern-die is secured, in amanner that it may be fi'eely rotated upon said mandrel, and that it rests upon a broad shoulder, f', of it, by means of which the said pulley and die are properly and dnrably supported.

g represents the tracing or transferring-piu, working upon the pattern-die, and

la., the tracing-roller, working upon the rosette-die.

'.lhey are both arranged above the dies upon a revolving disk, t', which has a taper stud, t', or shaft t-ted and projecting downward into the mandrel E', and it -has also a rim, j, projecting downward and overhanging the periphery of the rosette-die, which rim j is provided lwith cogs on its lower periphery, for the purpose-of giving it a rotating motion.

On the-top face of this disk I provide twoA tangen-V tially-arran ged vertical sides or upward-projecting ribs,

k It, which form the frame and support the working- -the pin gis held and secured, 4all clearly shown in figs.

7,8, 9, 10, and 11.'

'Over and across from the one rib tothe other, I

-arrauge'the hinged cap or apron-leverp, which has sides fitting between-the ribs k 1c, to the' rear end of which the said lever is hinged at q. The forward end of said lever is attached on the side above the rosettef die, the bend or elbow-shaped lever 'r of the tracingroller'h, or in the end of which the tracing-roller h has its bearings, and there is also attached to the same end'of that lever a.` spring, s, bearing upon said lever lr and setsc'rew t, by which the upward mot-ion ofthe said lever fr may be transferred to the fore end of the apron-lever p.

The central portion u of the forward end of the lever p isbent downward, to come'in contact with the top side of the forward end of the forked lever o of the tracing-pin, in order to receive the motions of the laised portions upon the face of the pattern-die,`"which motions are` received `bythe transferring mechanism of the slide-rest from the lend/:dof the fsaid apron-- lever p. y

Nw, in prder to give motion to t-he feed-screw l, I employ on the side ot' asmall vertical standard, c, a flat T-shaped piece, w, uponithe rear end of the plate E,

and a short distance from the ring of the diskfi, which Vpiece w has an inclineditop edge x, and is provided withavertical slot, g/throngh which` it is bolted to the Astandard fu, sothatit may be` adjusted up or down, to vary the feed of the screw l. And I prof vide on the side of the outer rib k a feed-lever, z,

which has its fulcrum upon a stud, 1, fixed on the side of said rib k, and also of two small cog-wheels, 2 and 3, which gear into one another, and the one of which is secured upon the outerV end of the feed-screw l,

while the other is permanently` attached with a ratchet-wheel,'4, and both the latter turning' freely upon the 'same stud 1 upon which the feed-lever vibrates. And to move the ratchet-wheel 4, I employ a doubleacting spring-pawl, 5,-attached to the saidlever and e provided with the spring 6. To rest the said lever' arranged to remain stationary, whereas the rosette-die is arrangedto revolve, the tracing-piu'is arranged to revolve, and the tracing-roller, working upon the rosette-die, revolves with it, and the rosette-die revolves in opposite direction to that of the tracing-pin and roller.

In order to obtain the proper` motion for the same, I have a vertical shaft, 8, arranged in bearings g g, on

-the rear end of the plate E, which shaft I furnish with a pinion, 10, gearing intothe cogs of the rini j,

`--and with a cone-pulley, 11, to correspond and to conneet by a belt, 12, with the pulley on the rosette-die. And I connect the lower end of said "shaft with the horizontal shaftl N, above described, by means of .two bevel-gears, 13 and 14, properly engaging into one another.

f The gear 14 has along hub and key in it, to work in a grooved key-seat, 15, made in the shaft N, to provide for its proper connection with the said bevel-gear, which has also a circular groove, 16, in its hub, in

which a downward-projecting .a1-m, 17, from the platevr E, engages, to keep the wheel 14 in its gear while the slide-rest is moved and fed.

It will be clearly observed that the feed-motion of the tracing-pin is effected by the revolution ofthe disk c', on account of the lever z passing up on the inclined top edge of the'T-shaped piece w, and, after passing the incline, falling down upon its stop 7, by means of the double-acting 'pawl 5, and the secondary stop 7,; the said feed may be reversed at any time of the operation, for which purpose I prefer to 'have asmall handle, 18, attached to thesaid pawl, which passes-through a small slot, 19, through the said lever z, shown inv red` outline in figs. 1, 3, and

12, so that the-said pawl maybe operated from theoutside v'ofthe lever, and while rotating.

Now, in order to transfer the motions of the tracingpin upon the engraving-tool, and thereby upon the work, Itprovide an apron-lever, 19, which is located horizontally and longitudinally either in the rear part of4 the slide H or plate G,"for4 which the same has a sufficient cavity, 20, for the said lever to vibrate.l And I have a sliding vertical bolt, 21, under the said lever, which has the proper length to rest-,upon thez .lever p, so that the motion of the transferring-pin given to the lever p is properly transferred on the apron-lever 19. t

N ow, the tool-slide is provided with a rack-bar, 22, and, tothe tool-stock above the slide I have pivoted a toothed segment, 23,.whichv engages in said rackbar 22, and has a right-angular arm, 24,and upon the end of this arm rest-ing a sliding bolt, 25, which passes through the central opening in the upper center or bearing sof the tool-stock extending above the top of the slide H.

I have also a similar vertical sliding bolt, 26, resting upon the apron-lever 19, and extending above thetop ot'- `the rear'end of the slide H, so that, by means of a balance lever, 27, which I pivot near the center of the top of the slide H, and extending with the one arm. loverthe pin 25, while with the otherv over the pin 26, the motion of the apron-lever is transferred '.to thel tool-slide and tool upon the work on the spindle D.-

For the proper adjustment, as well as for making up for lost motion in"tl iese. last-mentioned contriv-4 ances, Iprovide, on the` 'arms of the lever 27, a setscrew, `28. j

The slide H is providcdwitli the usual spring 29, for keeping the slide with the tool-guide Ybearing upon-the surface of tho.work. And it will be observed that although the slide H may work back andl for considerable distance, which is the case in operating 'upon oval work, the motion transferred from the die tothe tool is not affected or varied thereby. And it will be observed, by means of the arrangement of the segment lever-23, and rack-bar 22, and spring d,

the tool-slide is in continuous connection with the tracing-pin g and pattern-die, which, when pmperly adj usted, with the screw 28, to have no lost motion, can be operated to work withcertainty and precision upon the work, an eiect which is of the utmost importance in machines for this purpose It will be observed for ordinary plain line engraving, the motion of the tracing-pin is directly transferred to the cutting-tool'. Inorder to convert this motion into such as required for the tool for producing frost- Ye d, world-the` set-screw t is simply sufficiently lower so that, as thc tracing-roller h passes over the ral's'd portions of the` rosette-die, the lever r is brought in contact with the said set-screw t, and consequently the motion of the lever p is, at those periods', interrupted, and the tool, instead of remaining on the work during the time of cutting, is interrupted and only allowed to dot, and hence producing frosted work.

Instead of employing the vsegment 23, and rack-bar 22, to connect the sliding bolt25 with the tool-slide, a bell-hanged lever, 29, connected by means of the rod 30 with the tool-slide, may be used wit-h the same advantage as that of the segment and rack-bar.

Instead of arranging the machine for the tool to cuton the npper side of it, I arrange itto cut on the under side, as shown in fig. 5. By these means the operatorcan see the action of the tool at all times, as proceeding, and the frequent interference of its perfect operation, caused by shavings or chips remaining on the tool, isobviated, and the operator can work with less annoyance from the chips thrown from the work to the operator, as they are thrown downward instead of upward or toward 4the eyes of the operator.

In order to cause the machine to cugrave those portions which are left blank in the ordinary manner, and to leave blank those ordinarily engraved, I employ a secondary two-armed intermitting lever, 35, between the sliding bolt 25 and the segment 23, shown in fig. 5, so that the action of the sliding bolt is reversed, andv consequently the pat-tern upon the -work. For this purpose, the tool-stock has a secondary hole, 36, to inst-rt the fulcrum-pin or screw '37.

This operation, and that of changing the feed of the tracing-pin g, may he done while operating on the same work, and, instead of ordinarily producing from the die shown, work such as shown in fig. 18, it may be manipulated to that shown in fig. 19, or to a compound pattern, as shown in iig. 2 in colored lines, or, hy setting the screw t down, the ordinary line engraving changed to frosted work, as shown in iig. 20. Or from thev same die, in varying the feed of the sliderest, the said engra\'ing stretched'or diminished over more or less surface.

Instead of detaching the segment 23 and inserting the lever 35, the same eect may be had more convenient by means of using a sliding bolt, of which half of its thickness is removed on its lower part, as shown in iig. 16, and a segment on each of the fnlcrums attached, beside the secondary lever 35,so that, by simply turning the sliding-bolt, either the lever 35 or segment on the same fulcrum is brought in action with the bolt, and thereby the effect had in a more ready manner. y

-Or, instead of `that arrangement, the holt may'be round, as rst described, and instead of employing segments, ordinary levers, such as shown in iig. 15,

A A at 38 and 39 employed, and a connecting link, 40,em

ployed,.which is hinged to the tool-slide, and is slotted from both sides, that it may be thrown in engagement with either of the levers 38 and 39, which are provided inthat case with the proper pin on the end of their arns. Or other contvances may be u'sed tochange the motion between the tool-slide and tracing-pin,l to

reverse the motion ordinarily used, orto change it for more or less motion, according t-o the occasion, or in accordance with the requirements of the work.

Having fully described my. invention,

What I claim therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is' f I. In machines for engraving and chasing, the arrangement of the tool-stock Q, tool-slide Z, to operate with the spindle D upon the work, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown.

2. The employment o f a stationaryr pattern-die, in combination wit-h the revolving tracing-pin g, Asubstantially as and for the purpose herein stated.

' 3. The use of the' {lat-faced chilled cast-iron dies,

4in combination with the slide-rest and transferring 6. The combination of the vertical tool-stock, sus` pended between the centers R and S, with the sliding bolt, when relatively arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose herein shown.

7'. The construction and arrangementof the maudrel E, pattern-die fr, and revolving disk t', operating and arranged for the changing of the dies, substantially as hereinstated.

8. The arrangement of the pattern die, the tracingpin g, in combination with the feed-screw land lever p, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown.

9. The combination and'arrangement of the lever p, the screw t,`lever f1*,tracing-roller h, and lever o and tracing-pin, substantially as and for the purpose here-` in stated.' A.

l0. The combination of the variable-feeding device of the slide-rest with the variable-feeding device of the tracing-pin, when the latter operates substantially as and for the purpose herein shown.

1l. The combination of the sliding pin 25, the. segment or bell-hanged lever 23, and positive connecting device with the tool-slide, 'substantially as and for the purpose herein stated.

12. The deviceherein shown for changing from direct to reverse action, and 'vica versa, of the patterndie upon the tool-slide 2, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

13. The arrangement of the feed-screw l, the feedlever z, the gear 3, and reversible pawl 5, in combination with theA inclined T-faced piece w, substantially as and for-the purpose herein shown;

14. The combination and arrangement of parts as a whole, substantially as and for the purpose lherein stated.

J OHN D. LA'IHROP.

Witnesses:

GEORGE S. HANFonn, DAVID MUELLER.' 

